orfray

spellings orphrey

Rich embroidery or an ornamental border or band, especially on an ecclesiastical garment.

places York Beverley Doncaster Masham

sources Raine, York Minster Fabric ... John Clyff's will, 1456 Henry Holme's will, 1471 Inventory of Treasure in Yo... Robert Denton's will, 1531 John le Scrope's will, 1455

dates 1375 1455 1471 1500 1531

organ-maker

A maker or builder of organs.

places York Ripon

sources York freemen's register John Seymour's will, 1435 Ripon Minster fabric rolls

dates 1431 1435 1453-1455

osier hope

The osier was a type of willow and it had tough pliant branches which once had a variety of uses, especially in basket-work: the word came to be applied more generally to willows and to the branches themselves.

places Almondbury Butterwick, Malton Slaidburn

sources Ramsden of Byram and Longley Quarter Sessions Records YAS Record Series

dates 1615 1621 1623

osmund

Of uncertain origin, but probably high quality iron from Sweden. Later it came to be used more generally for iron from a number of countries, imported via the Baltic.

places Sheffield York Hull

sources Hey, Fiery Blades York Memoranda Book Nicholas Elys' and William ...

dates 1428 1453

ostery

spellings ostre ostry

Characteristic spellings of hostelry or hostry.

places York Wakefield Ripon

sources York House Book 1 YAHS Record Series vol. 74 Rauf Ripley's inventory, 1583

dates 1477 1554 1583

other

A spelling of ‘either’, although in the case quoted here it means ‘both’.

places Grinton

sources William Bradryke's will, 1548

dates 1548

otter fur

Otters were on of the wild animals trapped locally which were regularly used by the skinners.

places York Middleham

sources Richard Cottingham's will, ... William Wylle's will 1559

dates 1442 1559

ouch

spellings nouch

A clasp, brooch or buckle, used to hold together the two sides of a garment. They were often valuable objects, made of gold and set with jewels.

places Conisbrough York Woolley Well Wakefield

sources John de Warenne's will, 1347 Thomas de Bucton's will, 1366 Oliver Woderow's will, 1430 Thomas de Dawtry's will, 1437 John Hoton's will 1442 Yorkshire Archaeological Jo... Myles Newton's will, 1551

dates 1347 1366 1430 1437 1443 1498 1550

ought(1)

Anything, a variant spelling of aught, still in regular use.

places Woodsome Slaithwaite

sources Kaye Commonplace Book Rev. Murgatroyd's diary

dates 1570 1786

ought(2)

The past of the verb to owe.

places York Pontefract Thornton Bridge Gargrave Bradford

sources Dame Margery Salvin's will,... Thoresby Society Publications William Knyvett's will 1557 Skipton session roll July 1685 Bradford session roll July ...

dates 1496 1521 1557 1685 1727

out

Out of or away from the village nucleus.

places Ilkley Giggleswick Slaithwaite Exelby Elmswell Wakefield Fishlake

sources Wetherby session roll Janua... Giggleswick Court Rolls Mary and Margaret Freeman's... Quarter Sessions Records Woodward, Henry Best Books YAHS Record Series vol. 74 Barnsley session roll Octob...

dates 1533 1564 1593 1609 1622 1671 1725

outbreak

An alternative word locally for ‘outcrop’; that is where a vein of coal appears at the surface.

places Colsterdale Tong

sources Tyson, Mashamshire Collieries Account book of coals got a...

dates 1714 1761

out-door

The door of a house which gives access to places outside, as on to the village street.

places Rigton Burley Hartshead

sources Knaresborough session roll ... Quarter Session rolls 1662-... Wakefield session roll Janu...

dates 1685 1690 1740

outfolk

All those who are not part of the community or not tenants of the same lord.

places Selby

sources York Memoranda Book

dates 1519

outgang

A word for a way or road out of a township or hamlet, often one which was used regularly by cattle on their way to pasture.

places Howden Healaugh Wombwell Wath Bagby New Malton York Malham

sources Yorkshire Archaeological Jo... YAS Record Series York Memoranda Book York Memoranda Book East Malham court rolls

dates 1189-1199 1301 1324 1413 1442 1450 1516 1608

outlane

A lane leading away from a hamlet or township.

places Balne Hepworth Hipperholme Wakefield

sources Selby Abbey Chartulary Faull & Moorhouse, West Yor... Place-names of West Riding ... YAHS Record Series vol. 74

dates 1311 1461 1556

outman

A stranger, one who is not part of the community.

places Selby Husthwaite

sources York Memoranda Book Raine, York Minster Fabric ...

dates 1483 1510

outmoor

An area of moorland that belonged to a township but was located some distance away.

places Embsay

sources Robertshaw, West Yorkshire ... Indenture between John Shep...

dates 1615 1642

outpasture

An area of pasture located at some distance from the dwelling or township which had grazing rights there.

places Lees in Bowland

sources Spencer, Slaidburn and Bowl...

dates 1661

outrake

A pasture or right to pasture away from the village, or the right of way leading to the pasture.

places Barwick in Elmet

sources Thoresby Society Publications

dates 1425

outset

Outlying locations in a village, away from the nucleus of houses.

places Linley Outseats, Derbyshire Sheffield

sources Wakefield Court Rolls 11 Oc... Place-names of Derbyshire Pt 1 Place-names of Derbyshire Pt 2 Hunter Archaeological Society

dates 1566 1637 1664 1683

outshot

spellings outshut

The outshot was an extension built onto the side or rear of an existing building, and the suffix describes the projection thus made.

places Halifax Sowerby near Halifax Huddersfield Kirkheaton Brayton Upper Hopton Holme

sources John Mydgelay's will 1533 Wakefield Court Rolls 24 Ma... Ramsden of Byram and Longley Quitclaim of land at Kirkhe... John Harland's inventory, 1666 YAHS Record Series vol. 3 Wakefield Court Rolls 13 Ma...

dates 1533 1538 1542 1594 1604 1640 1666

outwood

The ‘out wood’ was a wood situated away from the village nucleus.

places Spofforth Stanley Alverthorpe

sources Augmentation Office Misc Book Yorkshire Archaeological Jo... Faull & Moorhouse, West Yor...

dates 1543 1572

outwork

This was probably work done by a miner for his employer away from the site, or at another of his pits.

places Farnley

sources Farnley pit accounts 1690-1720

dates 1707

oven house

A building in which an oven or furnace was located.

places Bradford Bowling West Riding

sources Robertshaw, West Yorkshire ... Miscellaneous Mss Leeds session roll July 1697

dates 1569 1647 1697

over

Through the late Middle Ages, ‘over’ had the sense of ‘upper’ and it was used in contrast to ‘nether’ or ‘lower’.

places Threshfield Rawdon Wakefield

sources Fountains Abbey Rentals, 15... Johnson c. Dawson tithe cause Wakefield Court Rolls 2 May... Wakefield Court Rolls 3 May...

dates 1517 1564 1609

overbit

A rare term which referred to a cut made on an animal’s ear as an aid to identification, the opposite of the much more frequent underbit.

places Wetherby

sources Wetherby session roll Janua...

dates 1730

overbody

A woman’s garment, clothing for the upper part of the body.

places Skipton Castle Carlton Miniott Lees in Bowland

sources Whitaker, History of Deaner... Quarter Sessions Records Spencer, Slaidburn and Bowl...

dates 1572 1615 1629

over end

The upper end.

places York Austwick

sources York Memoranda Book Lay and Clerical Taxation E...

dates 1297 1420

overlay

A piece of material placed under the load saddle of a packhorse.

places Stockeld Allerton Eshton Barnoldswick Slaidburn

sources Yorkshire Archaeological Jo... Robert Deane the elder's in... Matthew Wilson's inventory,... YAS Record Series vol. 1 Stephen Emley's will and in...

dates 1614 1636 1656 1712 1719

over leather

The regional alternative to ‘upper leather’.

places York Wakefield Beverley

sources York Memoranda Book Thomas Haukyn's will, 1458 YAS Record Series

dates 1424 1458 1627

overlier

spellings overligger

A horizontal beam.

places South Cave Broomfleet

sources Christopher Clarke's will, ... Robert Chapman's inventory,... Thomas Lister's inventory, ...

dates 1579 1620 1642

overlive

To survive, outlive, live longer than.

places Pontefract Woodsome Copley

sources Thoresby Society Publications Redmonds, Yorkshire Deeds

dates 1472 1488 1549

overman

spellings orman

A man having authority over others, especially over a body of workmen.

places Wykeham Stockeld

sources YAS Record Series Thomas Robynson's accounts ... Accounts at Stockeld 1578-1582

dates 1539-1540 1578

over-measure

In excess of the proper measure.

places Holmfirth Warley Town Thornton near Bradford Hepworth

sources YAS Record Series John Mawde's will 1546 Robertshaw, West Yorkshire ... Wakefield Court Rolls 29 Ap...

dates 1535 1546 1584 1585

overplus

An additional amount, a surplus.

places York Pontefract Westerdale Brandsby Elland

sources York House Book 2, 3 & 4 Thoresby Society Publications Thomas Dayll's will, 1559 Richard Cholmeley's book 16... Stead, Dr Henry Power

dates 1481 1507 1558 1611 1658

over press

In general the verb means to overburden, and in this case a tenant had too many beasts on a common pasture.

places Malham

sources East Malham court rolls

dates 1603

oversea

From overseas, a term used for imported items.

places York Wakefield Allerton Mauleverer Brandsby Richmond

sources Surtees Society Publications Margerie Berre's will, 1544 Robert Ogle's inventory 1562 Richard Cholmeley's book 16... North Riding Records

dates 1509 1544 1562 1612 1636

overseer

One who oversees or supervises, as in a will.

places Heptonstall Apperley Bridge Huddersfield

sources Robert Sutclif's will 1530 Bradford Antiquary vol. 6 Quarter sessions order book...

dates 1530 1602 1647-1648

overshot

A payment over or above what was necessary.

places Burnsall

sources YAS original documents

dates 1619

oversight

Supervision, work carried out by overseers.

places Halifax York Thirsk

sources Gilbert Saltonstall's will ... York House Book 20 High Commission Act Book 15...

dates 1517 1552 1562

overstocks

Knee breeches (OED).

places Farnham

sources Ninian Pullayne's will 1565

dates 1565

overthwart

spellings overquart overwhart

Placed across or lying athwart something else, crosswise.

places York Threshfield Egton Calverley Almondbury Kirby Underdale Airton Elmswell Hunshelf Bridlington Doncaster

sources York Memoranda Book York Memoranda Book Fountains Abbey Rentals, 15... YAS Record Series Copy of award in dispute 1537 Kaye Commonplace Book Shepherd, Kirby Underdale East Malham court rolls Redmonds, Yorkshire Deeds George Wise's inventory 1634 Rotherham session roll July... Purvis, Bridlington Charters Yorkshire Archaeological Jo...

dates 1417 1500 1517 1535 1537 1570 1573 1590 1603 1611 1643 1703

over work

A word found in the accounts of a colliery in Tong.

places Tong

sources Account book of coals got a...

dates 1760

owler

A common local spelling of alder.

places Honley Dewsbury Almondbury

sources Kaye Commonplace Book Dewsbury Court Roll Ramsden of Byram and Longley

dates 1572 1592 1690

own

To claim or recognise as one’s own.

places Kirkheaton Slaithwaite Northowram Hinderskelfe Knaresborough

sources Manor of Heaton, 1589-1813 Quarter Session rolls 1662-... Turner, Oliver Heywood's Di... Quarter Sessions Records Knaresborough session roll ...

dates 1607 1679 1681 1698 1718

oxbow

The wooden bow which forms a collar for a yoked ox.

places York Stockeld Brandsby Bingley

sources Raine, York Minster Fabric ... Accounts at Stockeld 1578-1582 Yorkshire Archaeological Jo... Richard Cholmeley's book 16... Robert Sharpe's inventory 1623

dates 1433 1580 1614 1617 1622

oxgang

A measure or quantity of land.

places Ripon Leeds Brayton

sources YAS Record Series Thoresby Society Publications George Fish's will, 1674

dates 1506 1628 1673

pace(1)

The Christian festival of Easter.

places Richmond York

sources Thomas Aykrigge's will 1567 Oxford English Dictionary

dates 1440 1561

pace(2)

In the single reference noted it was probably a step.

places York

sources YAS Record Series vol. 1

dates 1590

pack cloth

A coarse material used to wrap up the packs carried by pack animals, particularly wool.

places Whitby Woodkirk Elmswell Rawcliffe

sources Surtees Society Publications Elisabeth Tailior's will, 1539 Henry Best's Farming Book Rotherham session roll July...

dates 1394-1395 1539 1642 1742

pack-horse

A horse used for carrying packs of goods.

places Leeds Sheffield

sources Thoresby Society Publications Henry Power's Memorandum Book

dates 1517 1522