A woollen stuff of Flanders, glossy on the outside and woven with a satin twill, chequered in the warp so that the checks are seen on the outside (OED).
The OED has an entry for ‘cauld’ or ‘caul’ as a Scottish word for a dam, for which the earliest reference is 1805. The Yorkshire word meant ‘dam’, ‘weir’ or 'weir wall' and it is on record from much earlier.
A fabric which is almost incapable of definition although the word is said to have first been used of a costly eastern material, apparently made of hair from Angora goats.
Wright has examples of this word in the late 1800s and gives the meaning ‘a leather patch on the toe of a boot or clog’: the verb meant to mend or patch shoes.