Alternative spellings of ‘ease, easing’, for eaves, but used by Henry Best of Elmswell for the thatching on a stack and a protective roof or covering for a wall made of mud.
Possibly ‘elder’, the meaning suggested for it as a place-name element by Smith (PNWR7/182), although in contexts where the reference is to underwood it is almost certainly an alternative spelling of ‘alder’.
In coal-mining documents I detect no significant distinction between these two words, as with ‘head’ and ‘heading’. The ‘end’ might in one sense be the furthest point of a level but ‘to drive on the end’ was to drive parallel to the cleavage of the coal (EDD)
The ‘wheels’ where the Sheffield grinders worked varied in size and capacity, but many had two or more ranges which were known as ends, and in each of these there might be several grindstones in operation (FBH180).
In the manorial system this was a privilege granted to a tenant by the lord, which allowed him to take sufficient wood from the estate for fuel, house repairs or the maintenance of hedges.
This is a legal term derived from the Latin extractum. The noun signified a copy made of any original document, but especially of fines or penalties. More generally it came to mean the fines themselves or any payment enforced by law.
An ‘evidence’ was an important document, particularly a title deed which proved ownership or entitlement to use, and bundles of such documents were quite often referred to as ‘evidences’.
The OED has two early examples of ‘eling’, both in Yorkshire. They date from 1400 and 1525 and, since both refer to the aisle of a church, ‘eling’ may there be a form of ‘aisling’. In most later cases though an ‘eling’ was an aisle or extension in a domestic building.
This was originally a curved broad sword which had the edge on the convex side, although the word may have been used of any sword by the seventeenth century when it occurred frequently.
Found in early documents in connection with water mills. It is likely to refer to the wooden trough which conveyed water from the dam to the water wheel, deriving power from the ‘fall’.