The OED has examples from 1523 and says 'derivation unknown' but it occurs as a place-name element and Smith considered it to be a form of head, via Middle English haved (PNWR2/253). It was used of unploughed land in the open field, but was evidently distinct from headland.
This alternative word for ‘hall’, in the sense of the main room of the house, may have come into use in the reign of Henry VIII and examples have been noted during a period of at least eighty years.
In the past, in Yorkshire, the township or townships which made up the parish frequently had subdivisions which had their own identity and some degree of autonymy: these were called hamlets.
A word with an obscure history but apparently the name originally of a kind of sport, commented on in some detail in the OED, in which one person challenged an article that belonged to his opponent, offering something in return.
A spelling of handkerchief that was common in literary use in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and which remained in everyday speech for some time (OED).
As a noun this occurs frequently in the inventories of cloth-dressers and it had a very specific meaning. Briefly, the 'handles' were a wooden frame set with teasles which was used to raise the nap on cloth.
Evidently cod, ling, and the like, salted and dried (OED) although the examples quoted there were from Scotland and first noted as late as the early 1800s.